Agricultural salt, also known as coarse salt, is different from regular table salt. Its primary component is sodium chloride, but it also contains minerals such as magnesium, potassium, sulfur, and small amounts of essential nutrients for crops like boron and iodine. While not a direct fertilizer, when used properly, it can significantly benefit certain crops that thrive in slightly saline conditions.
When applied to crops like sugar beets and celery, the sodium ions in agricultural salt can replace potassium and magnesium ions that are adsorbed by soil colloids, making these nutrients more available for plant uptake. Additionally, chloride ions help suppress nitrifying bacteria in the soil, reducing nitrogen loss and improving nutrient retention. The presence of magnesium, potassium, sulfur, and trace elements further supports crop growth and enhances the quality of high-sodium crops.
However, it's important to use agricultural salt carefully. Prolonged or repeated application, especially in rice fields, can lead to soil degradation. Excess sodium can disrupt soil structure, causing cracks when dry and becoming sticky and compacted when wet, which negatively affects water infiltration and root development. Moreover, sodium may displace potassium in the soil, leading to long-term potassium deficiency in subsequent crops—a short-sighted approach that harms future yields.
Therefore, agricultural salt should only be used as a supplementary fertilization method. It’s best combined with organic fertilizers to maintain soil health and avoid over-reliance on salt-based applications. Farmers should avoid applying it too frequently or consecutively. The recommended method is to mix it with manure or other organic materials as a base fertilizer, or apply it during transplanting for rice seedlings. It can also be used as a top dressing at a rate of 5 to 8 kilograms per acre, depending on the crop and soil condition.
By using agricultural salt wisely, farmers can enhance crop productivity and quality while preserving soil fertility for the long term.
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