Promoting Effective Breeding Methods is Essential for Achieving High Sugar Content and Yield in Sugarcane
4.1 Selection of Improved Varieties
The county has selected several high-quality sugarcane varieties, including Xintai Sugar No. 16, No. 20, No. 22, No. 25, Yueteng 93/159, Yueteng 79/09, and No. 69/42. These varieties are planted in early, mid, and late seasons to ensure a continuous supply and optimize productivity. The use of diverse varieties helps in adapting to different climatic conditions and enhances overall yield.
4.2 Standardized Planting Practices
Proper land preparation is crucial for successful sugarcane cultivation. The planting trenches should be deep, flat, and loose, with a spacing of 90 to 100 cm between rows and a depth of 35 to 40 cm. The bottom width of the trench should be around 20 to 25 cm. Two buds are placed flat under the seed, ensuring that approximately 90,000 to 97,500 buds are planted per hectare. Before planting, seeds are soaked in a 2% lime water solution for 12 hours or in a 0.1% carbendazim wettable powder solution for 4 hours. After drying, 25–30 kg of 3% chlorpyrifos granules are applied per hectare to prevent underground pests. Soil is then covered to a depth of 10–12 cm, and plastic film is laid along the furrows and pressed firmly at the edges to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
4.3 Timely Fertilization
Fertilization follows the principle of “three attacks and one supplement.†When the seedlings have 3–4 true leaves, 150 kg of urea per hectare is applied to promote healthy growth. A second application occurs when the plants have 7–8 true leaves, using 300 kg of urea and 300 kg of compound fertilizer per hectare, followed by soil cultivation to a depth of 10–12 cm. During the elongation phase, 450 kg of urea and 600 kg of compound fertilizer are applied, with the soil raised to 25–30 cm to improve water absorption and resistance to lodging. Additionally, foliar sprays such as 0.004% alkaloid lactone (Yunyi 120), diluted at 150–450 ml per hectare in 600–750 kg of water, are used during the flowering stage. During the elongation period, amino acid foliar fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are sprayed on the leaves every 4–6 hours to enhance growth and development.
4.4 Strengthened Pest and Disease Control
Pest and disease management follows a preventive and integrated approach. From April to May, 48% chlorpyrifos emulsion is used to control locusts and beetles. In June to August, 20% butyl sulfoxide (Libaodan) EC or 25% triadimefon water dispersible granules are applied to manage locusts and other pests. From June to September, 50% carbendazim WP is used to prevent diseases like sugarcane tip rot and head blight. From October to December, sodium fluoroacetate is used to control rodent damage, ensuring a healthier crop environment.
4.5 Timely Harvesting
Harvesting timing varies depending on the maturity of the variety. Early-maturing varieties are harvested earlier, while late-maturing ones are harvested later. All crops are cut quickly and low, with the cut made 3–6 cm above the ground. This method not only increases the current year’s yield but also encourages the germination of lower buds, which supports the growth of ratoon crops in the following season. Proper harvesting techniques play a vital role in maintaining long-term productivity and sustainability in sugarcane farming.
Plastic Pvc Pipe Fittings,Pvc Plastic Water Pipe,Plastic Pipe Tube,Plastic Rounded Tube
Dandong Jinggong Heat Preservation Appliance Factory , https://www.jgplastic.com