Since the accession to the WTO, the manufacturing technology of commercial vehicles in China has been greatly improved. Compared with passenger vehicles (especially cars), China has more advantages in the field of commercial vehicles. However, compared with international commercial vehicle companies, China's self-developed capacity of commercial vehicles, especially heavy trucks, is still relatively weak. Most of the key and core technology areas such as engines and transmissions are still under the control of foreign companies.
The four major core assemblies of commercial vehicles—autonomous technology control of the body (cab), engine, axle, and transmission are often considered to be the primary indicators to measure the strength of a company’s competitiveness. From the perspective of the global commercial vehicle competition, European commercial vehicle giants including Daimler, Volvo and Mann have their own independent intellectual property rights in these four core assembly areas, and they have a lot of comfort, safety, and environmental protection. Better performance.
It is understood that as China’s commercial vehicle companies currently spend most of their investment in research and development, they are at a level of 2% to 3%, which is lower than the ratio of 4% to 8% of the total foreign investment. The shortage of talent has led to the lack of core matching experience and data such as common rail EFI, which has hindered the development of independent research and development of new technologies.
In response, Yang Zaiyu, head of the Commercial Vehicles Subcommittee of the National Passenger Vehicle Market Information Association, pointed out that with the acceleration of domestic commercial vehicle joint ventures in recent years, the domestic heavy truck market has brought together Germany, Italy, Sweden, the United States, Japan, etc. Car giants, as well as Cummins, Deutz, Perkins, Isuzu, Siemens, Denso, Fast, Bosch, Delphi and many other international component giants, while in the commercial vehicle four emission standards upgrade, diesel The common rail EFI or EPU pumps and pump nozzle technology that must be adopted are still strictly controlled by foreign giants such as Bosch, Delphi, and Denso. Enterprises will face greater challenges in independent research and development of core technologies.
Yang Zaifu believes that with the formation of China's logistics system, highway network, large-scale transportation system, and construction engineering system, the market puts forward higher-level requirements for heavy-duty trucks in terms of emissions, safety, and energy conservation, but at the end of the last century With the recent Sino-foreign commercial vehicle joint venture cooperation, Chinese enterprises still have difficulty in mastering core technologies. Most of the technology introduction adopts the form of imported key equipment and production lines, and heavy hardware introduction absorbs lightly. The result of the introduction only has corresponding production. The ability to solidify the technology in the equipment does not have much effect on stimulating technology upgrades in related industries in China.
However, Wan Xujun, deputy general manager of overseas business division of Beiqi Foton Motor Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Futian Automobileâ€) believes that with the rapid development of the Chinese automobile market, the domestic independent research and development capabilities of commercial vehicles have also been faster in recent years. The promotion.
Wan Xujun pointed out that as the world's largest medium- and heavy-duty card market, Chinese commercial vehicle companies have more new opportunities to innovate and implement R&D, and have gradually become one of the most active forces in R&D innovation in the world. At present, domestic independent and medium- and heavy-duty commercial vehicle manufacturers, such as Jiefang, Dongfeng, Foton, and CNHTC, have a complete vehicle development capability including body development, system matching, and vehicle integration, and they also have strong tests and Verification capabilities, and these are also the key to ensuring the rapid development of autonomous, heavy-duty commercial vehicles in China. However, he also stressed: "Although we have made great progress in the past, there is still a big gap compared to the world's advanced level, especially in the areas of vehicle reliability, economics, new material applications, electronic control, and automation. ."
And Jiang Jianhua, Director of the public relations department of SAIC Iveco Hongyan Commercial Vehicle Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Hongyanâ€), also believes that the Chinese commercial vehicle market has made great progress in the past decade, especially in the truck sector, changing the past. "Lack of weight and lightness" situation. At present, many domestic commercial vehicle companies have also established their own research and development teams. After Hongyan has gone through the first phase of joint ventures and cooperation in recent years, it has gradually increased its own research and development capabilities. Through the exchange of personnel exchanges and learning between the two parties, it gradually Cultivate and establish your own R&D technical team.
Jiang Jianhua told the "First Financial Daily" reporter that in recent years, Red Rock has paid special attention to the development plan for R&D talents. At present, the company has a total of more than 1,100 professional and technical personnel and approximately 400 R&D teams, although the technical director is still stationed by foreign companies. However, only technical guidance is used to get involved in the work. Local personnel account for more than 90% of the total. In the next five years, the company will also establish an Iveco global low cost heavy truck R&D center, which will also become the heavy truck R&D center of SAIC Motor.
Regarding how to improve the independent research and development capabilities of domestic commercial vehicles, Wan Xujun believes that the introduction of absorption is an important way. Through the joint venture or cooperation with the world's most advanced vehicle companies, parts and components companies, and R&D institutions, the R&D capability of the entire industry can be quickly improved. At the same time, the development of R&D teams and the construction of test verification capabilities are also very important.
Jiang Jianhua also believes: “Independent R&D is not something that we can do with hard work. Standing on the shoulders of giants can make us better. In fact, joint ventures and autonomy are not mutually exclusive, but they are mutually reinforcing. of."
“Independent R&D is not about driving out foreigners to be autonomous, but the key lies in how to promote the improvement of local technology and how to cooperate to develop better products. In fact, independent research and development capabilities are not limited to the rigid standard of technology, but also include The concept of such soft power, such as the emphasis on safety, comfort, and environmental protection for R&D of commercial vehicles in foreign countries, can really enhance the promotion of technology through the promotion of concepts.†Jiang Jianhua believes that the current lack of R&D capability of commercial vehicles in China is the core technology. R&D personnel, especially the core technologies such as engines and transmissions, are still basically controlled by foreign parties. However, many domestic companies are still focusing on how to sell products such as short-term competitiveness, but they do not pay enough attention to long-term competitiveness. The faults are particularly serious. Therefore, in recent years, Hongyan has continuously increased its investment in independent research and development, and strengthened cooperation with universities to cultivate more competitive independent technical teams.
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