During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the goal of the development of major technical equipment for chemical fertilizers in China is to achieve an autonomy rate of more than 90% for the process technology and complete sets of equipment for pulverized coal gasification plants.
According to Zhang Sheng, President and Secretary-General of China National Chemical Equipment Association, high cost of coal gasifiers is a major issue in domestic fertilizer projects that use pulverized coal gasification technology. In order to reduce the construction cost, the pulverized coal gasification technology has been promoted in large- and medium-scale domestic chemical fertilizers new construction and renovation projects, and research and development of pulverized coal gasification complete plants represented by gasification furnaces and waste heat boilers have been made domestically and become China's " During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the development of major technical equipment for fertilizers will be of great importance.
The key equipment for the production of pulverized coal gasification mainly includes the following tasks: The annual output of 200,000 to 500,000 tons of synthetic ammonia projects will be used to complete the research and development tasks of the 1000 to 2,000 tons of pulverized coal gasification plant technology and complete sets of equipment; The localization of key equipment such as coal gasifiers, syngas coolers, gas pipelines, etc., of the chemical plant has completely changed the situation in which foreign manufactures and long construction schedules cannot meet the needs of domestic construction and technological transformation; the burner and pulverized coal valve The key components such as slag valve and ash valve are fully domesticated.
To this end, Zhang Sheng believes that the chemical equipment industry needs to do a good job in five areas:
The first is to combine the design provided by foreign companies, use the calculation method proposed in the mid-term for verification calculation, and verify the feasibility of the formulation method. The introduction of all internal basic design of foreign companies, domestic design companies and equipment manufacturers to complete the detailed internal design, equipment, all manufactured by the domestic. The equipment manufacturing supervision and inspection will be carried out during the manufacturing process of equipment internals, and relevant documents for ensuring the quality of equipment manufacturing and internal assembly will be proposed.
The second is based on the composition of the process media, pressure, temperature and operating environment, investigate and implement the implementation of several materials involved in the housing and internal parts of the domestic supply of the feasibility; investigate the implementation of the pressure shell thickness of the plate thickness of 15CrMoR 32mm, 50mm and 65mm Feasibility of domestic supply of materials; investigation and implementation of current production conditions, quality conditions, product variety specifications, etc. of special-shaped steel pipes (straight finned tubes, double-Ω type, etc.) used for internal parts of equipment (especially heat transfer surfaces); Anti-corrosion requirements, determine the gasification furnace shell and head used in the lower end of the composite plate structure or CrMo steel inner surface of austenitic stainless steel structure of the manufacturing process and heat treatment process.
The third is to complete the design calculation of most components of the outer shell and inner parts. Among them, due to the structural requirements and the influence of temperature field stress on some components, stress analysis is needed to ensure the safety of the equipment.
The fourth is to grasp the localization of coal burners, ignition burners, and starting burners. Coal burners are important components that are directly used to provide the reactants and reaction heat required for the coal gasifier reaction. It mainly studies the burning model of the burner and the distribution of the temperature field in the radiant section, the optimal operating conditions of the burner, improves the service life of the domestic coal burner, and strives to reach the service life of 6 months to 1 year; at the same time, the design and manufacture of the ignition are completed. Mouth, starter-guided propulsion, exit system and flame observation system.
The fifth is the development of heavy-duty constant-lift, single-group load capacity of 400kN, constant force accuracy of 5% of the maintenance-free products, as well as the completion of the localization of ash shaking device, select the domestic advanced and applicable instruments and automatic control system.
At present, the pulverized coal gasification technology used in China mainly includes shell coal gasification technology, Siemens GSP coal gasification technology, China's ash fusion coal gasification technology, and Ender furnace technology. Relatively speaking, Shell coal gasification technology has been applied more in the domestic fertilizer industry. Since the 1990s, nearly 10 companies in China have introduced this technology. This technology overcomes the problems of easy destruction of refractory bricks in Luchi and Texaco furnaces, greatly reducing the operating costs of the equipment, and is clean and environmentally friendly. The current problems in the application of the Shell pulverized coal gasifier are the high cost of equipment and internal parts. The cost of the two equipments of the key equipment gasifier and the waste heat boiler accounts for about 50% of the total price of the coal gasification project. The operation of pulverized coal gasifiers and waste heat boilers depends on the internals. The main components of the internal components are water-cooled wall structures. Their main functions are to form a gasification space, a slag pool, gas transmission channels, heat exchange, and pressure shell protection. body. In the past, the basic design of these two kinds of equipment and the detailed design of the internal parts were all undertaken by foreign manufacturers. The design involved a wide range, complicated structure, high technical difficulty, and large design workload. The design software cost accounted for about 50% of the equipment cost.
It is understood that after more than 20 years of hard work, the high-temperature, high-pressure, flammable, and explosive chemical process equipment represented by China's major technical equipment for nitrogen fertilizer has been successfully domesticated, and the domestic chemical equipment manufacturing industry is mainly based on welding process. Processing has reached the international level. According to the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" requirements of China's chemical fertilizer industry, the overall technical level of the chemical fertilizer industry in 2010 should reach the international level at the beginning of this century; a demonstration project of an annual output of 450,000 tons of synthetic ammonia and 800,000 tons of urea-made devices shall be completed; and pressurized pulverized coal gasification The localization of technology and equipment.
According to Zhang Sheng, President and Secretary-General of China National Chemical Equipment Association, high cost of coal gasifiers is a major issue in domestic fertilizer projects that use pulverized coal gasification technology. In order to reduce the construction cost, the pulverized coal gasification technology has been promoted in large- and medium-scale domestic chemical fertilizers new construction and renovation projects, and research and development of pulverized coal gasification complete plants represented by gasification furnaces and waste heat boilers have been made domestically and become China's " During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the development of major technical equipment for fertilizers will be of great importance.
The key equipment for the production of pulverized coal gasification mainly includes the following tasks: The annual output of 200,000 to 500,000 tons of synthetic ammonia projects will be used to complete the research and development tasks of the 1000 to 2,000 tons of pulverized coal gasification plant technology and complete sets of equipment; The localization of key equipment such as coal gasifiers, syngas coolers, gas pipelines, etc., of the chemical plant has completely changed the situation in which foreign manufactures and long construction schedules cannot meet the needs of domestic construction and technological transformation; the burner and pulverized coal valve The key components such as slag valve and ash valve are fully domesticated.
To this end, Zhang Sheng believes that the chemical equipment industry needs to do a good job in five areas:
The first is to combine the design provided by foreign companies, use the calculation method proposed in the mid-term for verification calculation, and verify the feasibility of the formulation method. The introduction of all internal basic design of foreign companies, domestic design companies and equipment manufacturers to complete the detailed internal design, equipment, all manufactured by the domestic. The equipment manufacturing supervision and inspection will be carried out during the manufacturing process of equipment internals, and relevant documents for ensuring the quality of equipment manufacturing and internal assembly will be proposed.
The second is based on the composition of the process media, pressure, temperature and operating environment, investigate and implement the implementation of several materials involved in the housing and internal parts of the domestic supply of the feasibility; investigate the implementation of the pressure shell thickness of the plate thickness of 15CrMoR 32mm, 50mm and 65mm Feasibility of domestic supply of materials; investigation and implementation of current production conditions, quality conditions, product variety specifications, etc. of special-shaped steel pipes (straight finned tubes, double-Ω type, etc.) used for internal parts of equipment (especially heat transfer surfaces); Anti-corrosion requirements, determine the gasification furnace shell and head used in the lower end of the composite plate structure or CrMo steel inner surface of austenitic stainless steel structure of the manufacturing process and heat treatment process.
The third is to complete the design calculation of most components of the outer shell and inner parts. Among them, due to the structural requirements and the influence of temperature field stress on some components, stress analysis is needed to ensure the safety of the equipment.
The fourth is to grasp the localization of coal burners, ignition burners, and starting burners. Coal burners are important components that are directly used to provide the reactants and reaction heat required for the coal gasifier reaction. It mainly studies the burning model of the burner and the distribution of the temperature field in the radiant section, the optimal operating conditions of the burner, improves the service life of the domestic coal burner, and strives to reach the service life of 6 months to 1 year; at the same time, the design and manufacture of the ignition are completed. Mouth, starter-guided propulsion, exit system and flame observation system.
The fifth is the development of heavy-duty constant-lift, single-group load capacity of 400kN, constant force accuracy of 5% of the maintenance-free products, as well as the completion of the localization of ash shaking device, select the domestic advanced and applicable instruments and automatic control system.
At present, the pulverized coal gasification technology used in China mainly includes shell coal gasification technology, Siemens GSP coal gasification technology, China's ash fusion coal gasification technology, and Ender furnace technology. Relatively speaking, Shell coal gasification technology has been applied more in the domestic fertilizer industry. Since the 1990s, nearly 10 companies in China have introduced this technology. This technology overcomes the problems of easy destruction of refractory bricks in Luchi and Texaco furnaces, greatly reducing the operating costs of the equipment, and is clean and environmentally friendly. The current problems in the application of the Shell pulverized coal gasifier are the high cost of equipment and internal parts. The cost of the two equipments of the key equipment gasifier and the waste heat boiler accounts for about 50% of the total price of the coal gasification project. The operation of pulverized coal gasifiers and waste heat boilers depends on the internals. The main components of the internal components are water-cooled wall structures. Their main functions are to form a gasification space, a slag pool, gas transmission channels, heat exchange, and pressure shell protection. body. In the past, the basic design of these two kinds of equipment and the detailed design of the internal parts were all undertaken by foreign manufacturers. The design involved a wide range, complicated structure, high technical difficulty, and large design workload. The design software cost accounted for about 50% of the equipment cost.
It is understood that after more than 20 years of hard work, the high-temperature, high-pressure, flammable, and explosive chemical process equipment represented by China's major technical equipment for nitrogen fertilizer has been successfully domesticated, and the domestic chemical equipment manufacturing industry is mainly based on welding process. Processing has reached the international level. According to the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" requirements of China's chemical fertilizer industry, the overall technical level of the chemical fertilizer industry in 2010 should reach the international level at the beginning of this century; a demonstration project of an annual output of 450,000 tons of synthetic ammonia and 800,000 tons of urea-made devices shall be completed; and pressurized pulverized coal gasification The localization of technology and equipment.
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