Organic cover can improve soil physical and chemical properties, prevent surface dust, regulate soil temperature and humidity, increase soil organic matter content, can maintain soil moisture, control weeds, increase crop yield, and application in agricultural production already exists. But different covering materials and its effects are different. Multi-point soil temperature and humidity recorder test results show that the cover changes the soil heat transfer; sawdust cover, straw cover, lawn cover treatment ability to adjust the soil temperature is strong: the cover at high surface temperature can block the hot sun, to avoid increasing the soil temperature It can also reduce soil temperature to some extent.
The content of organic matter in the soil between different cover treatments was extremely significant, and the soil organic matter content under gravel cover treatment was 87.5% of that of the control, and the grass coverage was 48.4% of that of CK. Wood chip covered The content of organic matter in the upper soil was 37.5% higher than that of the control, and the content of organic matter in the straw mulch was 56.3% higher than the control. Sawdust cover and wheat straw cover can increase the content of organic matter in the upper soil. The content of organic matter in the upper soil under the lawn can be reduced, which may be related to the growth of the turf and the consumption of organic matter. The content of organic matter under gravel cover is slightly lower than that of CK. The reason may be that the gravel is dry. A. There is no decomposition product, which affects the microbial activity to a certain extent. The content of organic matter on the soil does not change much.
From early October to mid-November, the leaves of the trees turned green and gradually fell off. The growth on the ground stopped and entered the early stage of tree dormancy. The surface temperature decreased by 10°C compared with the slow growing period of the trees. The temperature of the 0～5cm soil layer of the tree plate is between 5°C and 17°C. The average soil temperature of each treatment is 11.6°C for gravel cover, 10.9°C for sawdust, 10.9°C for stalk cover, 10.6°C for straw cover, and 9.9 for grass cover. °C. The decrease in soil temperature under cover treatment is small and plays a role in regulating soil temperature. Multi-point soil temperature and humidity recorder measured 18-20cm soil temperature changes in 5 °C ~ 18 °C, the average soil temperature under different coverage in the order of magnitude: wood covered (11.6 °C)> gravel cover (10.9 °C)> Straw mulch (10.5°C)> CK (10.0°C)> turf cover (9.8°C); soil temperature covered by wood chips and straw was higher than CK.
After comprehensive analysis of the application and data of multi-point soil temperature and humidity recorders, it can be seen that wood chips and wheat straw cover have good effects on temperature and humidity retention, and they have good adjustment effect, which can effectively increase the content of organic matter and the cost is relatively low. Therefore, it is recommended to use this economical, affordable, and environmentally friendly way of covering in agricultural production.
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